(11) Judith Shklar, “Political Theory and the Rule of Law,” in Allan Hutchinson and Patrick Monahan, eds., The Rule of Law: Ideal or Ideology, Toronto: Carswell, 1987.

(12) John Locke, Two Treatises of Government, ed. Peter Laslett, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

(13) Joseph Raz, “The Rule of Law and Its Virtue,” in The Authority of Law: Essays on Law and Morality, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009, pp. 210–229.

(14) Edward Jenks, “The Myth of Magna Carta,” Independent Review, Vol. 4, No. 14, 1904.

(15) John Rawls, The Law of Peoples, With “The Idea of Public Reason Revisited”, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999.

(16) Brian Tamanaha, “The History and Elements of the Rule of Law,” Singapore Journal of Legal Studies, December 2012, pp. 232–247.

(17) Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, ed. Richard Tuck, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

(18) Carl Schmitt, Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, trans. George Schwab, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005; Political Theology II: The Myth of the Closure of Any Political Theology, trans. Michael Hoelzl and Graham Ward, Cambridge: Polity, 2008.

(19) 此处要注意的是，对于施米特的主权理论也有反对的声音，比如汉娜•阿伦特（Hannah Arendt）和米歇尔•福柯（Michel Foucault）。

(20) Brian Tamanaha, On the Rule of Law: History, Politics, Theory; James Stoner Jr., Common Law and Liberal Theory: Coke, Hobbes, and the Origins of American Constitutionalism, Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 1992.

(21) Brian Tamanaha, On the Rule of Law: History, Politics, Theory, pp. 57.

(22) Max Radin, “The Myth of Magna Carta,” Harvard Law Review, Vol. 60, No. 7, September 1947, pp. 1060 –1091.

(23) 一个著名的例子是1858年的林肯–道格拉斯辩论（Lincoln-Douglas debates）。当时正值美国内战前夕，伊利诺伊州参议员候选人史蒂芬•道格拉斯（Stephen Douglas）提出，各州人民有权通过投票来决定是否接受宪法中废除奴隶制的内容。而林肯在回应中提到的不是宪法，而是《独立宣言》中人生而平等的权利。详见：Francis Fukuyama, Identity: The Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2018.

(24) Brian Tamanaha, On the Rule of Law: History, Politics, Theory.

(25) A. V. Dicey and Emlyn Capel Stewart Wade, Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution, 10th ed., London: Macmillan, 1959.

(26) “CPC Sets New Blueprint for Rule of Law,” Xinhua, October 23, 2014.

(27) Aristotle, Politics, trans. Benjamin Jowett, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1963, p. 140.

(28) Aristotle, On Rhetoric: A Theory of Civic Discourse, trans. George A. Kennedy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.

(29) Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, trans. Roger Crisp, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000, 113–114.

(30) Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

(31) Jeremy Bentham, Of Laws in General, in H. L. A. Hart ed., The Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham, London: Athlone, 1970; John F. Manning, “Justice Scalia and the Idea of Judicial Restraint,” Michigan Law Review, Vol. 115, No. 6, 2017: 747–782.

(32) David Kaplan, The Most Dangerous Branch: Inside the Supreme Court’s Assault on the Constitution, New York: Crown, 2018.

(33) Brian Tamanaha, On the Rule of Law: History, Politics, Theory. Ibid., p. 96.

(34)  Yang Xiao, “Singapore Academy of Law Annual Lecture 2003: Economic Development and Legal Evolution in China,” Singapore Acade- my of Law Journal, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2004, p. 1.

(35) Ji Weidong, “The Judicial Reform in China: The Status Quo and Future Directions,” Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, Vol. 20, No. 1, 2013, pp. 185–220.

(36) 《孟建柱：智能辅助办案系统不会替代司法人员独立判断》，中新社 2017 年 7 月 11 日电。

(37) Harold Laski, The Rise of European Liberalism, London: Allen and Unwin, 1936.

(38) Leo Strauss, Natural Right and the History, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1953, p. 234.

(39) Adam Smith, Lectures on Jurisprudence, eds. R. L. Meek, D. D. Raphael, and P. G. Stein, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978, p. 156.

(40) A. V. Dicey, Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution.

(41) Friedrich Hayek, The Collected Works of F. A. Hayek, vol. 2, The Road to Serfdom: Text and Documents: The Definitive Edition, London: Routledge, 2014; Friedrich Hayek, Law, Legislation and Liberty, vol. 2, The Mirage of Social Justice, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012; Friedrich Hayek, “The Political Ideal of the Rule of Law,” in The Collected Works of F. A. Hayek, vol. 15, The Market and Other Or- ders, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014.

(42)“Urban-Rural Gap of Annual Disposable Income Narrowed in 2016,” Xinhua, January 20, 2017; Damian Tobin, “Inequality in China: Ru- ral Poverty Persists as Urban Wealth Balloons,” BBC News, June 29, 2011.

(43) 习近平：《决胜全面建成小康社会 夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利》，2017 年 10月 18日。

(44) “China’s Constitution Amendments to Have Far-Reaching Influence,” Xinhua, December 28, 2003.

(45) 《张维迎：法治社会前提条件是对政府征税的约束》，载《财经》综合报道张维迎在“2011  达沃斯微访谈”（9月14日）；吴敬琏：《从〈大国崛起〉看各国富强之道》，载《同舟共济》，2007年第4期；茅于轼：《不要再迷信国企》（2018年12月29日），FT中文网，http://www.ftchinese.com/story/001080880。